- Hardcore punk, often just called hardcore, is a subgenre of punk rock that originated in North America and the United Kingdom in the late 1970s. The new sound was generally thicker, heavier, and faster than earlier punk rock. Early hardcore punk has a quick tempo with drums and vocals in time, whereas modern hardcore punk has drums and vocals which may not be on beat with the tempo. Hardcore spawned several fusion genres and subgenres, some of which experienced mainstream success, such as melodic hardcore, metalcore, post-hardcore and thrash metal.
- Punk rock is a rock music genre that developed between 1974 and 1976 in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Rooted in garage rock and other forms of what is now known as protopunk music, punk rock bands eschewed the perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock. They created fast, hard-edged music, typically with short songs, distorted guitars, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics. Punk embraces a DIY (do it yourself) ethic, with many bands self-producing their recordings and distributing them through informal channels.
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Melodic hardcore is a subgenre of hardcore punk with a strong emphasis on melodic exploration. Peter Jandreus describes the style as "punk rock with a HC beat".The genre is commonly defined with fast hardcore drum beats, melodic pop punk-influenced guitar riffs and melodic singing. Melodic hardcore initially emerged out of the L.A. hardcore scene, with the Descendents. In 1985, the Descendents worked with a new vocalist, Dave Smalley of DYS and Dag Nasty. Bad Religion, from the San Fernando Valley, also worked in this vein, recording their classic How Could Hell Be Any Worse? in 1982.
Metalcore is a fusion genre incorporating elements of hardcore punk and extreme metal. The name is a portmanteau of heavy metal and hardcore punk. The term took on its current meaning in the mid-1990s, describing bands like Earth Crisis, Merauder, Deadguy and Integrity. The earliest of these groups, Integrity, began performing in 1989.Metalcore is distinguished from other punk metal fusions by its emphasis on breakdowns: slower, intense passages conducive to moshing.
Heavy metal (often referred to simply as metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in England and the United States. With roots in blues-rock and psychedelic rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness. Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are generally associated with masculinity and machismo.
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Post-hardcore is a music genre that evolved from hardcore punk, itself an offshoot of the broader punk rock movement. Like post-punk, post-hardcore is a term for a broad constellation of groups who emerged from the hardcore punk scene, or took inspiration from hardcore, while concerning themselves with a wider palette of expression, closer to experimental rock. The genre took shape in the mid- to late-1980s with releases from the Midwestern United States. These included bands on SST Records, and bands from Washington, D.C. such as Fugazi (see the era's releases on Dischord Records, for example), as well as slightly different sounding groups such as Big Black and Jawbox that stuck closer to the noise rock roots of post-hardcore.
Thrash metal is a subgenre of heavy metal that is characterized by its fast tempo and aggression. Thrash metal songs typically use fast, percussive and low-register guitar riffs, overlaid with shredding-style lead work. Thrash metal lyrics often deal with social issues using direct and denunciatory language, an approach which partially overlaps with the hardcore genre. The "Big Four" bands of thrash metal are Anthrax, Megadeth, Metallica and Slayer, who simultaneously created and popularized the genre in the early 1980s.
The origins of thrash metal are generally traced to the late 1970s and early 1980s, when a number of bands began incorporating the sound of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal, creating a new genre and developing into a separate movement from punk rock and hardcore. This genre is more aggressive compared to its relative, speed metal, and can be seen in part to be a reaction to the lighter, more widely acceptable sounds and themes of glam metal.
Punk metal (also known as metalpunk[1]) is an umbrella term, or cross-genre term used to describe music that fuses elements of heavy metal with punk rock. Often the fusion involves extreme metal and hardcore punk genres. Punk metal genres include:
- Crossover thrash
- Crust punk
- D-beat
- Deathcore
- Goregrind
- Grindcore
- Grunge
- Hatecore
- Melodic metalcore
- Mathcore
- Metalcore
- Metallic hardcore
- Powerviolence
- Sludge metal
- Speed metal
- Thrash metal
